Enclosure, Cummeen, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Enclosures
Some archaeological sites announce themselves with standing stones or grassy banks you can run your hand along.
This one in Cummeen, County Limerick, does none of that. It exists, essentially, as a circular shadow in a field, visible only from the air and only under the right conditions, a ghostly outline that has since faded even from that. What makes it unusual is not what can be seen but what almost certainly cannot.
The site was identified not through fieldwork but through close examination of aerial photography, specifically 1:4000 OSi aerial photographs catalogued as OS2 No. 6641, as part of the Adare Bypass Constraint Study. In that imagery, a circular feature or cropmark was just discernible in the gently undulating pasture roughly 200 metres southeast of the N21 road. A cropmark of this kind forms when buried features, such as the filled-in ditches of an ancient enclosure, affect how vegetation grows above them, producing subtle differences in colour or height that become legible from altitude but are invisible at ground level. The site does not appear on Ordnance Survey historic mapping, which suggests it was already well buried by the time systematic surveying began. When the Archaeological Survey of Ireland visited in 2000, surveyors recorded no surface remains whatsoever. By the time Digital Globe orthophotos were taken between 2011 and 2013, and again when Google Earth imagery was captured on 28 June 2018, the feature had become invisible even from above. The enclosure, if that is what it is, has effectively disappeared twice over.
There is nothing to see at Cummeen in any conventional sense, and that is precisely the point. The site sits in working pasture close to the N21, and there is no public access, no marker, and no interpretive signage. For anyone curious enough to look, the surrounding landscape offers context of a kind: gently rolling farmland of the sort that conceals a remarkable density of buried archaeology across County Limerick. The interest here lies less in visiting than in understanding how sites like this are recorded and, in this case, how quickly even the faintest trace can vanish. The compiled record, put together by Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly and uploaded in July 2020, may be the most durable form this monument now takes.