Ringfort (Rath), Knockbweeheen, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
Most ringforts in Ireland are single-banked affairs, earthen rings that once enclosed a family farmstead during the early medieval period, roughly between 500 and 1000 AD.
The one at Knockbweeheen is more elaborate than that. It has two concentric banks separated by a fosse, the term for a defensive ditch, which gives it a quality that field surveyors sometimes describe as a bivallate rath. The outer ring and inner ring work together as a layered boundary, and walking the ground between them you are essentially standing in what was once a deliberately engineered corridor of defence or livestock management, or possibly both.
The site sits on a south-facing slope just below the brow of a hill in County Limerick, a position that would have offered both visibility and drainage. The roughly circular enclosure measures approximately 55 metres north to south and 49.5 metres east to west. The inner bank is the more imposing of the two on its southern and western sides, rising to an external height of around 3.1 metres, which is considerable for an earthwork of this kind. The outer bank, by contrast, stands higher on its interior face at 1.75 metres. Between them runs a fosse some 2.2 metres wide. There are two openings in the inner bank, one to the east and a causeway entrance to the south, each roughly 6.5 metres wide. The causeway entrance is the more formal of the two, suggesting it served as the main approach into the interior. This information was recorded and compiled by Denis Power, with the record uploaded in August 2011.
The site is under rough pasture and the interior slopes gently upward toward its centre, which gives it an unusual topographic quality when you are standing inside. A public road runs immediately alongside the enclosure on the western edge, making the site relatively accessible without needing to cross significant ground. The outer bank has suffered some erosion from cattle on the southern side, so that section reads less cleanly than the rest of the circuit. The inner bank to the south and west remains the most visually striking element, and it is worth walking the full perimeter to appreciate the variation in bank height as you move around it.