Ringfort (Rath), Kilmurry (Lane), Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
Somewhere between a concrete farmyard and an orchard on the edge of Kilmurry townland in County Limerick, a small circular earthwork has been quietly swallowed by sycamore trees and a dense thicket of scrub.
It is easy to walk past without registering what you are looking at, which is partly what makes it worth pausing over. This is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the most common field monument in Ireland. Ringforts are roughly circular enclosures defined by one or more earthen banks, and they were used primarily as enclosed farmsteads during the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. Most were home to a single farming family and their livestock. This one, at around twenty metres in diameter, sits at the smaller end of the scale.
The site appears on the 1923 Ordnance Survey six-inch map as a roughly circular embanked enclosure, which tells us it was already a recognisable earthwork a century ago, long after any domestic use had ceased. The record was compiled by Denis Power and uploaded to the national monuments database in August 2011. At that point, the enclosure was defined by a scarped edge, meaning the ground drops away sharply at the perimeter, with a height of approximately two metres and a width of around the same. At the northern side, this scarp has been cut away entirely, exposing a cross-section of the earthen material that forms the bank's core. Whether this happened during agricultural work or road improvement is not noted, but it is the kind of damage that has befallen countless raths across the country as field boundaries shifted and farmyards expanded.
The site is now effectively absorbed into the working landscape around it. To the west-northwest and southeast it is bordered by concrete farm sheds and a yard; to the southeast and south by an orchard; and to the south and west by open pasture. The thicket of bushes and sycamore that covers it means there is little to see from the outside beyond a slight rise and a wall of vegetation. The exposed northern scarp, if accessible, offers the clearest evidence of the monument's structure. Visiting in late autumn or winter, when the leaf cover is gone, gives the best chance of reading the shape of the earthwork from the surrounding ground.