Enclosure, Kilmacow, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Enclosures
Somewhere in a field near Kilmacow in County Limerick, there is almost nothing to see, and that is precisely what makes it worth knowing about.
The site recorded here is not a ruin in any conventional sense. No walls remain, no stones protrude, no depression invites the eye. What exists is a slight rise in a field under pasture, and even that would be easy to dismiss as a trick of the ground. The only reason we know the rise means anything at all is that a cartographer working for the Ordnance Survey in 1841 recorded it as an oval embanked enclosure, roughly 60 metres along its north-west to south-east axis and around 30 metres across. That survey, the celebrated six-inch mapping project that remains one of the most detailed early records of the Irish landscape, caught something the land itself has since done its best to forget.
Embanked enclosures of this kind are common enough across Ireland that archaeologists have catalogued thousands of them, yet individually they remain poorly understood. Many are thought to be early medieval in origin, related to the ringfort tradition, though an enclosure of this shape and scale could equally belong to earlier or later periods. A ringfort, to use the more familiar term, was typically a circular or oval area enclosed by an earthen bank and ditch, used as a farmstead or settlement, and they were built in considerable numbers between roughly the fifth and twelfth centuries. Whether this particular example served a domestic, agricultural, or ceremonial function is unknown. The record compiled by Denis Power, uploaded to the archaeological survey in August 2011, is notably spare: pasture, a north-facing slope, and the ghost of a shape that was already fading when the Victorian surveyors passed through.
For anyone curious enough to seek it out, the site lies on a north-facing slope, which means the light is rarely flattering and the ground can hold moisture. The best chance of reading any earthwork is in low, raking light, particularly in winter or early spring before the grass thickens, when shadows cast by even modest rises in the ground become briefly legible. There is no infrastructure here, no signage, no managed access. The enclosure sits in working agricultural land, so permission from the landowner would be appropriate before entering the field. What a visitor would actually encounter is a field that looks, to most eyes, like a field, with the faintest suggestion of unevenness where something once stood, or was enclosed, or simply gathered the attention of a surveyor who thought it worth marking down.