Ringfort (Rath), Toomaline Upper, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
What survives of this ringfort in Toomaline Upper, County Limerick, is essentially a ghost.
The earthwork itself is gone, cleared away at some point during the 1980s according to local accounts, yet the outline of what once stood here refuses to disappear entirely. Overhead imagery captured between 2011 and 2020 reveals a cropmark, that tell-tale discolouration in growing vegetation caused by buried or disturbed ground beneath, tracing an oval shape across the pasture where the monument used to be. It is one of those sites that is more legible from the air than from the ground.
A ringfort, or rath, is one of the most common monument types in the Irish landscape, a roughly circular enclosed settlement typically dating from the early medieval period, between roughly 500 and 1000 AD, defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches. This particular example sat on a low rise in County Limerick and was recorded on the Ordnance Survey 25-inch map as a raised oval area measuring approximately 40 metres north to south and 27 metres east to west, bounded by a scarp, a fosse (the external ditch), and an outer bank. Field boundaries radiate outward from the south-west, north-west, and north-east of the site, a pattern that often indicates how later land division organised itself around an existing monument. When the Archaeological Survey of Ireland visited in 1999, they recorded no surface remains whatsoever. The site had been known locally as a fort before its removal, a piece of folk memory that at least preserved awareness of its existence even after the earthworks were gone.
There is little to see on the ground today. The area is working pasture, and without prior knowledge it would be easy to walk across the site without registering anything out of the ordinary. The cropmark visible on Digital Globe orthophotos from 2011 to 2013, and again on Google Earth imagery from January 2020, shows the monument's outline persisting from the north-west around through north, east, south, and south-west, with the south-west to north-west arc absorbed into an existing field boundary. For anyone drawn to sites of erasure and persistence, the aerial images are worth seeking out before a visit, as they provide the clearest sense of what the original oval enclosure would have looked like and how much of its footprint the land has quietly retained.