Ringfort (Rath), Claddagh, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
Most people associate the Claddagh with the famous ring and the old fishing village at the mouth of the Corrib, but on a north-east-facing slope in the undulating grassland nearby sits something considerably older and rather less celebrated: a double-banked ringfort that has quietly occupied its patch of ground for well over a thousand years.
A rath, to give it its proper name, is an early medieval enclosed settlement, typically circular or subcircular in plan and defined by one or more earthen banks with a ditch, known as a fosse, dug between them. This particular example measures roughly 44.5 metres east to west and 41.5 metres north to south, making it a reasonably substantial enclosure. What lifts it slightly above the ordinary is the stonework: the inner bank retains stone-facing on its internal face at the south-west, and the outer bank is stone-faced along both its northern and southern sectors. That combination of earthwork and dressed stone points to a settlement of some solidity, constructed by people who had both the resources and the intention to make something lasting. The fosse and outer bank are still clearly legible from the ground, and an entrance gap of just under three metres wide survives at the east, which is the typical orientation for a rath entrance, facing the morning light and away from the prevailing Atlantic weather.
The interior scarp that takes the place of the inner bank in most sectors suggests some erosion or robbing of the stonework over the centuries, but the overall structure remains in fair condition. The entrance gap's relatively modest width is a reminder that these enclosures were built as much for the management of livestock and the definition of territory as for any grand defensive purpose, a farmstead rather than a fortress, quietly embedded in a landscape that has changed enormously around it.