Ringfort (Rath), Liscune, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
On a low hillock amid gently rolling grassland in County Galway, this circular ringfort carries a quiet detail that sets it apart from many of its kind: a stone-lined entrance causeway, carefully constructed at the southern side, still measuring some 3.2 metres in width.
That deliberate stonework, preserved after perhaps fifteen centuries, speaks to the effort Early Medieval inhabitants invested not just in defence but in the everyday act of coming and going.
A rath, as this type of earthwork is known, is an enclosed farmstead typical of Early Medieval Ireland, usually defined by one or more earthen banks with a ditch, called a fosse, dug between them. This example at Liscune is defined by two banks and an intervening fosse, making it a bivallate rath, a more substantial construction than the single-banked variety. The enclosure measures around 30.5 metres in diameter, and the fosse and outer bank survive in fair condition along the arc running from the south, through the west, and around to the northeast. More intriguing still is a rectangular hollow within the northwest sector of the interior, roughly 10.5 metres long and aligned east to west, which may represent a souterrain. Souterrains are stone-lined underground passages or chambers, commonly found associated with ringforts across Ireland, and thought to have served as cool storage spaces or places of refuge. Their presence tends to suggest a settlement of some substance, where the effort of underground construction was considered worthwhile.