Enclosure, Ashbrook, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Enclosures
At the northern tip of a ridge within the former Ashbrook Demesne in County Galway, an ancient enclosure and a private nineteenth-century burial ground have quietly merged into one another, the living archaeology absorbed into the ground of the dead.
What was once recorded on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map as a bivallate enclosure, meaning one defined by two concentric banks or walls, now survives only in poor condition. A subcircular earthwork, roughly 22 metres east to west and just over 20 metres north to south internally, is defined by a bank onto which a drystone wall has collapsed over time. That wall, in turn, encloses a heavily overgrown burial ground, labelled on the third edition OS map of 1947 to 1948 simply as "Burial Ground (Private)", suggesting it served the demesne household rather than the wider parish.
The original enclosure appears to have had more substantial defences than what the eye can now read. Immediately outside the bank runs a berm, a flat ledge of ground roughly seven metres wide, edged on its outer side by a scarp up to a metre high. Beyond that scarp, traces of a possible fosse, an exterior ditch, can be followed from the south-east around to the south-west, cutting across the ridge's northern end. Together these elements point to a once more clearly defined monument, possibly prehistoric or early medieval in origin, though the site has been disturbed by quarrying on its northern side and to a lesser degree at the south-south-east and south-south-west. That disturbance, combined with the overlay of later burial activity and the general encroachment of vegetation, means the relationship between the earthwork's original phase and its nineteenth-century reuse as a private grave plot is now difficult to unpick on the ground.