Raphuca, Carrowmore, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Raphuca, Carrowmore, Co. Galway

On a north-westward-facing slope in the grasslands of Carrowmore, County Galway, a roughly circular earthwork sits quietly in the landscape, recognisable to anyone who knows what to look for, and invisible to most who do not.

It is a rath, the type of enclosed farmstead built across Ireland during the early medieval period, typically between the sixth and tenth centuries, in which a family and their livestock lived within a raised circular bank, often doubled or trebled for added status and security. This particular example measures approximately 36 metres north to south and 32 metres east to west, making it a reasonably substantial specimen, and it retains two concentric banks of earth and stone with a fosse, or ditch, running between them.

What makes the site quietly interesting is the way time and farming practice have worked on it unevenly. The inner bank and much of the outer circuit survive in notably good condition, but between the north-east and east-south-east, the fosse and outer bank have been lost entirely from the surface. A later field wall, of the kind that criss-crosses the west of Ireland in every direction, cuts across the fosse and outer bank from west to north, the agricultural present casually overwriting the early medieval past. A gap of around two metres in the inner bank at the north-east may be original, possibly the entrance through which the settlement's occupants once passed, though it is impossible now to say with certainty.

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Pete F
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