Tide mill, Carrowmore, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Mills

Tide mill, Carrowmore, Co. Galway

On the foreshore at Carrowmore, where the Shamullen Channel meets the inner reaches of Galway Bay, the sea has been slowly giving back the evidence of a working tidal mill.

A tide mill, for those unfamiliar with the term, harnesses the movement of tidal water rather than a river current, typically by impounding water at high tide and releasing it through a millrace to drive the wheel as the tide recedes. They were once more common around Ireland's coastline than the landscape now suggests, and this site on Galway Bay is a quietly compelling example of how thoroughly such industries can vanish.

The mill's existence was noted as early as 1911 or 1912, when a researcher named Holt recorded the site and observed that the millstones were said to still be present. For the best part of a century after that, the site sat largely beneath the foreshore, its stones hidden or only partially visible. Then, in January 2018, Storm Eleanor scoured the beach sufficiently to expose a substantial millstone fragment in considerably more detail than before. What emerged was the upper stone of the mill pair, made from pink granite, broken at some point in the past but still retaining more than half of its original form. The stone would have measured somewhere between 1.18 and 1.28 metres across. Its central perforation, roughly 18 centimetres in diameter and smooth-sided, preserves a narrow rebate just inside the lip, the groove designed to seat the so-called bridge, a fitting that held the drive-shaft in place and allowed the stone to rotate. Whether the mill was of the horizontal or vertical type remains unclear from the physical evidence. A second fragment, according to local knowledge, has ended up built into a nearby field wall, a fate common to repurposed stonework in rural Ireland.

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