Ringfort (Rath), Eskerboy, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Eskerboy, Co. Galway

A low hillock in the undulating grassland of east Galway turns out to be something considerably older than it first appears.

Sitting on that natural rise is a subcircular rath, a type of ringfort built during the early medieval period in Ireland, typically between the fifth and twelfth centuries, and used as an enclosed farmstead by a family of some local standing. What makes this one quietly interesting is the way its defences have survived in different forms around the circuit: an earthen bank runs from the south through the west and around to the north, while a scarp, essentially a cut or slope in the ground used as a boundary feature, takes over from the north, continuing through the east and back to the south. The two together complete the enclosure, even if the method changes halfway round.

The rath measures roughly 41 metres east to west and 36 metres north to south, giving it a slightly oval plan. The outer ditch, or fosse, survives along the southern and western arc, which corresponds with the section where the bank is best preserved. A number of hawthorn trees have taken root on the bank itself, which is not unusual; hawthorns have long colonised old earthworks and are often the first sign from a distance that a raised feature has some age to it. Perhaps the most intriguing detail here is the possible souterrain associated with the site. Souterrains are underground stone-lined passages or chambers, typically dug beneath or beside a ringfort, and used variously for storage, refuge, or the cool preservation of dairy produce. Their presence in a rath is a reasonable indicator of sustained occupation rather than a purely defensive construction.

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Pete F
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