Ringfort (Rath), Lismore Demesne, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
On a south-east-facing slope in the grassland of Lismore Demesne in County Galway, an oval earthwork sits in quiet but legible detail.
What makes it worth pausing over is precisely how much of it has survived: the rath measures roughly 67 metres north to south and 55 metres east to west, and enough of its original form remains to read the thinking behind its construction clearly, even without any excavation or interpretation boards to guide the eye.
A rath is an early medieval farmstead enclosure, typically dating from somewhere between the sixth and tenth centuries, defined by one or more earthen banks thrown up around a central living area. This example had two such banks with a fosse, a cut ditch, running between them, giving the enclosure a more defensive or status-conscious profile than a simpler single-banked site. The inner bank is still traceable from the north around through the east and down to the south-west; where it has eroded elsewhere, a natural scarp in the hillside takes over as the defining edge. The outer bank and fosse survive only along the northern arc, from north-west through to north-east, but that partial survival is enough to confirm the original double-ringed arrangement. At the north, a causewayed entrance gap just over four and a half metres wide marks where people and animals once passed in and out. Inside the enclosure, an L-shaped depression in the ground may indicate the presence of a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage typically used in this period for storage or as a place of refuge, though this has not been confirmed by investigation.