Ringfort (Cashel), Cill Éinne, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Cill Éinne, Co. Galway

On the north-eastern slopes of a ridge just west of the village of Cill Éinne on Inis Mór, a low scatter of collapsed drystone masonry traces the outline of an ancient enclosure so worn down that a modern field wall has been built directly over parts of it, the old and new stonework merging into something that only a careful eye would separate out.

This is a cashel, the Irish term for a stone-walled ringfort, an enclosed farmstead or defended residence of the early medieval period. Most cashels on the Aran Islands are better known, but this one sits in a condition that scholars since at least 1910 have described as very poorly preserved, its oval outline measuring roughly twenty metres on its longer axis and fourteen and a half metres across.

The site appears in the work of Thomas Johnson Westropp, who noted it in 1910, and was recorded again by O'Flanagan in 1927. Tim Robinson, whose meticulous mapping of the Aran Islands in 1980 remains a landmark in the documentation of the island landscape, also noted its presence. What survives is the ghost of a drystone wall, the kind built without mortar in the long tradition of Aran stonecraft, now so collapsed that its original height and thickness can only be guessed at. A possible entrance may survive at the south-south-east, though even this is tentative given the state of the remains. The enclosure itself is modest in scale, suggesting a single household's territory rather than any seat of power, one of the countless small-farm settlements that once organised life across the limestone plateau of Inis Mór.

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