Graveyard, Cill Éinne, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Burial Grounds
On the Ordnance Survey six-inch maps, it appears with a name that stops most people short: the Cromwellian Burial Ground.
Marked as a roughly circular enclosure some twenty to twenty-five metres across, with a small roofed rectangular structure shown within its western half, it sits at the foot of a low limestone bluff on the southern shore of Cuan Cill Éinne, the harbour bay of Killeany on Inis Mór. What the map records, however, bears little resemblance to what actually remains on the ground. The interior shows nothing at all, and the enclosure itself has been reduced to a single curving arc of earthen bank, about thirty-five metres long, no more than a quarter of a metre high and a metre and a half wide, part of which has been cut away by a sand pit.
The burial ground almost certainly dates from the mid-seventeenth century, when the nearby structure known as Caisleán Aircín was built and occupied. That fort, a bastioned fortification of the kind associated with the military engineering practices introduced during the Cromwellian campaigns in Ireland, would have required a dedicated burial space for the garrison stationed there. A bastioned fort is a type of artillery fortification designed with angular projecting corners, allowing defenders to cover the walls on either side without blind spots, and such installations were a practical feature of mid-seventeenth-century military occupation rather than any permanent settlement. The graveyard, tucked against the bluff and close to the shore, was likely conceived as a functional adjunct to that garrison presence, modest in scale and probably in use for only a relatively short period.