Enclosure, Glentrasna, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Glentrasna, Co. Cork

In the pasture at Glentrasna, on a north-west-facing slope in County Cork, there is an archaeological site that has effectively ceased to exist above ground.

A circular enclosure, roughly twenty metres across, was recorded on the Ordnance Survey's six-inch map of 1842 using hachures, the cartographic shorthand of small radiating lines used to indicate an earthwork or raised feature. Today, no visible surface trace remains. The site survives, if that is the right word, as a cartographic memory.

The 1842 mapping is itself significant. The first edition of the OS six-inch series for Ireland was produced during a period of intense survey activity in the 1830s and 1840s, and its draughtsmen were often recording earthworks that were already degraded or partially ploughed out. A hachured circular enclosure of this diameter would most likely represent a ringfort, known in Irish as a ráth or lios, the kind of enclosed farmstead that tens of thousands of farming families occupied throughout early medieval Ireland, roughly from the fifth to the twelfth centuries. That the cartographers noted it at all suggests it was still legible in the landscape at the time, even if subsequent agricultural activity, probably the continuation of pastoral farming on that same slope, has since smoothed it away entirely.

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