Embanked enclosure, Shanaclone, Co. Waterford
Co. Waterford |
Enclosures
On a low ridge in Shanaclone, County Waterford, something is present that cannot be seen. A small embanked enclosure, roughly 25 to 30 metres in external diameter, sits on the crest of an east-facing slope, surrounded by pasture, and is entirely invisible at ground level. That particular quality, of being archaeologically present but perceptually absent, puts it in good company with many of Ireland's earthwork sites, where centuries of farming and weathering have reduced once-substantial features to almost nothing above the grass.
The enclosure was recorded on the Ordnance Survey's six-inch map of 1840, one of the most important documents in Irish archaeological history. The OS mapping programme of that era captured hundreds of earthworks, field boundaries, and monuments that were still legible in the landscape at the time, and which in many cases have since degraded further or disappeared entirely. That a cartographer in the 1830s could plot this feature in Shanaclone suggests it was more visible then than it is now. An embanked enclosure of this type, a roughly circular area defined by a low earthen bank, is a form found widely across Ireland and associated with a range of uses across prehistory and the early medieval period, from settlement to ritual to agriculture. Without excavation, the specific date and function of the Shanaclone example remain unknown.