Enclosure, Cappadavock, Co. Galway

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Cappadavock, Co. Galway

In the low-lying reclaimed farmland of Cappadavock in north County Galway, there is a site that exists more in memory and on paper than in the ground itself.

A small circular enclosure, roughly fifteen metres across, was recorded on the first edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, but today no visible trace of it remains at the surface. What has survived, however, is the name the local community gave it: a lios.

A lios is the Irish term for a ringfort, the type of enclosed farmstead, typically circular and defined by an earthen bank and ditch, that was the basic unit of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland. Thousands of them survive across the country in various states of preservation, but many others have been lost to centuries of agriculture, drainage, and land reclamation. This one at Cappadavock falls into that latter category. The ground around it was at some point converted to tillage, and the process of reclaiming and working that low-lying land would gradually have levelled whatever earthworks once defined the site. That local people continued to call it a lios long after the physical remains had gone suggests the name, and some awareness of the place, persisted in the landscape even as the archaeology itself was erased.

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