Enclosure, Carrowndulla, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Carrowndulla, Co. Galway

On a south-facing hillslope above the Drimneen River in County Galway, there is a site that exists more completely on paper than it does on the ground.

A circular enclosure, roughly twenty metres across, was recorded here on the first edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, the great mid-nineteenth-century cartographic project that captured the Irish landscape in meticulous detail. Today, no visible surface trace survives. The enclosure is, in practical terms, gone, which makes it a peculiar kind of historical presence: documented, located, and essentially invisible.

Circular enclosures of this kind are among the most common archaeological features in the Irish landscape. Many are the remains of ringforts, which served as enclosed farmsteads typically dating from the early medieval period, roughly 500 to 1200 AD, consisting of a circular area bounded by one or more earthen banks or stone walls. Whether the Carrowndulla example was a ringfort, a field enclosure, or something else entirely is not recorded. What is known is that the OS surveyors noted it in the nineteenth century, fixing its diameter at approximately twenty metres, a modest but not unusual size. Since then, the feature has either been ploughed out, built over, or simply eroded beyond recognition. The hillslope above the Drimneen River holds no outward sign that anything was ever there.

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