Enclosure, Cartron, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Enclosures
On a ridge in the Mayo townland of Cartron, a semi-circular earthwork curves across the hillside in a way that raises more questions than it answers.
The feature sits close to the southern break of slope and opens out to commanding views across the countryside to the north, north-west, and west. What makes it quietly puzzling is the uncertainty at its centre: despite its shape and position, there is no clear evidence that this is a rath or any kind of ancient archaeological enclosure. A rath, for those unfamiliar with the term, is a roughly circular earthen ringfort of the early medieval period, one of the most common monument types in the Irish landscape. This one may be something altogether more ordinary, and yet the ambiguity refuses to fully settle.
The enclosure does not appear on any edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch maps, which in itself is telling. The OS mapping programme, begun in Ireland in the 1820s, was remarkably thorough, and features of archaeological note were generally recorded. What the 1838 edition does show, however, is a shallow arc in the townland boundary running north to east, which may reflect an awareness of the feature at some level. By the 1916 edition, a semi-circular arc of field boundaries curving west to east had appeared, suggesting the shape was being put to practical use as farmland was organised around it. On the ground today, the feature measures approximately 60 metres east to west and is defined by an earth and stone field fence around two metres wide and 1.2 metres high, with an external ditch running alongside it. Within that arc, the crown of the hill forms a fairly level platform of roughly 25 to 30 metres across, which is the detail that keeps the archaeological question open. Level summits enclosed by curving banks do appear in the early medieval record, but the evidence here does not stretch that far with any confidence.