Enclosure, Cloonfad, Co. Roscommon
Co. Roscommon |
Enclosures
At Cloonfad in County Roscommon, a quiet hillside holds a gap in the landscape where something once stood.
On the gentle south-facing slope of an east-west ridge, there is an enclosure associated with a nearby rath, the term for a ringfort, the circular earthen homestead that was the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland. What makes this particular site quietly notable is not what remains but what has been lost: an outer curving bank to the east, recorded as recently as 1972, which may have formed the perimeter of an annexe to the main rath. By the time the site was formally documented in later surveys, that bank could no longer be seen.
The annexe, had it survived, would have offered a rare glimpse into the more elaborate end of ringfort construction. Some raths were simple single-banked enclosures around a farmstead; others had additional enclosed areas attached to them, used perhaps for livestock, craft working, or as a form of defended yard. The curving bank recorded by Gannon in 1972 suggests this site once belonged to that more complex category. Its disappearance in the decades since, whether through agricultural activity, erosion, or gradual silting of the earthwork, is a common story across the Irish midlands, where such features can vanish within a generation once the land is turned or drained.