Habitation site, Ballynacarrick, Carrickboy, Co. Donegal

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Settlement Sites

Habitation site, Ballynacarrick, Carrickboy, Co. Donegal

In 2004, archaeological testing ahead of the N15 Bundoran to Ballyshannon bypass revealed an intriguing Neolithic settlement in Ballynacarrick, County Donegal.

The site, excavated by Fintan Walsh of Irish Archaeological Consultancy, sits in a naturally sheltered spot, protected by rocky outcrops to the north and west whilst overlooking a turlough to the south. What emerged from beneath 500 square metres of topsoil were the ghostly outlines of ancient human activity; stake-holes, beam slots, and pits that once formed part of a temporary dwelling and work area dating back some 6,000 years.

The western portion of the site yielded evidence of what archaeologists interpret as a modest structure, perhaps a seasonal shelter rather than a permanent home. A line of stake-holes running southeast to northwest, alongside two beam slots aligned east to west, suggest the framework of a simple building. The 1.4-metre gap between the beam slots, marked by a single stake-hole that may have held a door jamb, hints at an entrance. Whilst prehistoric pottery sherds were recovered from the structure, including fragments from three separate vessels possibly dating to the Bronze Age, the building itself appears to have been neither substantial nor built to last; more likely a temporary camp than a settled homestead.

The most puzzling feature lay to the east: a large subrectangular pit stretching seven metres in length, widening from 1.2 metres at one end to 2.6 metres at the other. Though its fills contained fire debris, the minimal charcoal and lack of in situ burning suggest the burning happened elsewhere. The discovery of a plano-convex flint knife within the pit's earliest layers provides a crucial chronological anchor; these tools are characteristic of the Neolithic period, particularly common in Early Neolithic contexts across northwest Ireland. Radiocarbon dating of pine charcoal from the pit confirmed its ancient origins, placing activity at the site between 4040 and 3940 BC. Whether used for butchering or as a corn-drying kiln, this pit, along with two associated hearths, offers a rare glimpse into the daily lives of Ireland's earliest farming communities.

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