Mullhalls Fort, Graigues, Co. Kildare
Co. Kildare |
Ringforts
Two bungalows sit inside an ancient earthwork in County Kildare, and a road cuts straight through the middle of it. That is the present condition of Mullhalls Fort near Graigues, a ringfort, or circular enclosed settlement of the kind built across Ireland from the early medieval period onwards, whose roughly eighty-metre diameter once made it a substantial example of the type. What survives is a poorly preserved circular area defined by an inner earthen bank and an outer fosse, a term for a defensive ditch, though both are now heavily eroded. The bank reaches an external height of just 1.6 metres in places, and the fosse a depth of only 0.4 metres, modest figures even before accounting for the road that bisects the monument from east to west and the cattle pen from which a well-worn trackway crosses the interior, over the fosse, and out into the field beyond.
The monument has been excavated and monitored on several occasions, each time yielding rather little. In 1999, archaeological work connected to the Prosperous to Robertstown Water Improvement Scheme examined two trenches along the road running through the fort, one of which crossed its western extent. The road construction had so thoroughly disturbed the ground that no archaeological stratigraphy survived, and the only finds were two sherds of nineteenth-century ceramic recovered from boulder clay. A similar story emerged from monitoring carried out in 2001 ahead of an extension to one of the houses in the fort's interior. Work on the dwelling itself in the early 1990s had also produced nothing of archaeological note, aside from two field drains and some relatively modern post-holes. The foundations of the 2001 extension reached only as far as natural soil, and the trenches contained redeposited garden soil throughout. Whatever the fort's original occupants left behind, if anything survives at all, it has not yet been found.