Barrow - pond barrow, Fore, Co. Westmeath

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Barrows

Barrow – pond barrow, Fore, Co. Westmeath

On the summit of Knockmonaster Hill in County Westmeath, looking down over the ruins of Fore Benedictine Abbey, there is a slight earthwork that most walkers would pass without a second glance.

What they would be missing is a pond barrow, a prehistoric funerary monument type defined by a sunken, dished interior enclosed within a low encircling bank rather than raised above the surrounding ground. The inward depression is what sets it apart from the more familiar round barrow, where the burial mound rises upward. Here the ground seems to fall away inside the ring, giving the monument an almost inverted quality, and near its centre sits a large earthfast boulder, roughly a metre long and partly overgrown, whose relationship to the original monument remains unclear.

The earthwork was recorded and drawn in the 1970s, and a detailed survey by David McGuinness, published in 2019, gives precise measurements. The annular bank is very slightly subcircular, with an overall diameter of around 11.5 metres north to south and 11.1 metres east to west. The interior measures roughly 6.5 metres by 5.6 metres. The bank itself is subtle, its outer edge blending almost seamlessly into the surrounding hillside, but it is clearest and best preserved at the south-south-east, where its width reaches approximately 2.5 metres and its height above external ground level around 0.37 metres. The monument sits some 54 metres south-east of a possible mound-barrow on the same hill, and only about 12.5 metres from a dead-ice hollow, a natural depression formed by a buried block of glacial ice that melted after the last Ice Age, whose low rim faces north-west. Whether the prehistoric people who built here were drawn by the prominence of the hill, the proximity of that natural hollow, or some combination of the two is not something the earthwork itself can answer.

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