Burial Ground, Ballynamanagh, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Burial Grounds
Tucked within the eastern half of a cashel near Ballynamanagh in County Galway, a small square plot defined by a ring of boulders holds the graves of children.
A cashel is a dry-stone ringfort, the kind of enclosed farmstead that patterned the Irish countryside throughout the early medieval period, and it is not uncommon to find later burials occupying such ancient enclosures. What is less common is the particular quietness of this site: a roughly twenty-one-metre square of ground marked out not by headstones in any conventional sense, but by numerous small set stones pressing up through the soil, each one indicating a grave beneath.
Places of this kind are known in Irish tradition as cillíní, burial grounds reserved historically for unbaptised infants and others who were excluded from consecrated ground under Catholic canon law. The practice of burying children in liminal or ancient spaces, places already set apart from ordinary land, was widespread across Ireland from the medieval period well into the twentieth century. At Ballynamanagh, two larger slabs are visible towards the western edge of the plot, and immediately to the south-east stands a plain stone cross. References to the site appear in works from 1912 and 1952, suggesting it was known to local historians and antiquarians for at least a century before more formal archaeological attention was paid to it.
The small stones that mark the graves here are easy to miss or misread without knowing what you are looking at. They are not ornamental; they are functional, the simplest possible act of marking that a child lay below. The plain cross nearby adds a further layer of quiet formality to a space that otherwise resists the conventions of a churchyard.