Burnt mound, Kildaree, Co. Mayo

Co. Mayo |

Ritual/Ceremonial

Burnt mound, Kildaree, Co. Mayo

In a damp, low-lying field beside the River Deel in County Mayo, a grass-covered mound sits quietly in the pasture, looking to any passing eye like nothing more than a slight rise in the ground.

Cut into its western edge by a field drain, the mound reveals what it actually is: a dense layer of shattered stone bound in charcoal-rich soil, the accumulated debris of prehistoric cooking. This is a burnt mound, a type of site found in considerable numbers across Ireland and Britain, most commonly dating to the Bronze Age.

Burnt mounds are the archaeological remains of a remarkably practical process. Stones were heated in a fire and then dropped into a water-filled trough to bring it to a boil, shattering in the process. Over repeated use, the cracked, spent stones were raked aside and piled up, gradually forming the characteristic low, rounded mounds that survive today. The one at Kildaree measures roughly seven metres along its north-west to south-east axis and about six metres across, rising to just 0.6 metres in height. The field drain that clips its western side, 1.4 metres wide and 0.6 metres deep, has done archaeologists an accidental favour by exposing a 0.4-metre-thick layer of that fractured stone and charcoal, making the interior of the mound readable without any formal excavation. What makes the Kildaree site particularly notable is that it does not stand alone: a second burnt mound lies approximately thirty metres to the south-south-west, suggesting this stretch of riverside land was used repeatedly, perhaps over generations, for whatever communal activity these sites supported.

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