Burnt mound, Tulla, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Ritual/Ceremonial
When St Joseph's Secondary School was built on the southern edge of Tulla village between 2015 and 2016, the groundworks turned up something the planners had not anticipated: a cluster of prehistoric cooking sites, buried beneath what had until recently been ordinary wet pasture.
Three separate burnt mounds came to light within roughly a hundred metres of one another, a concentration that speaks to repeated, deliberate use of this damp, level ground over a very long period.
Burnt mounds, known in Irish archaeology as fulachtaí fiadh, are among the most common prehistoric monument types in Ireland. The typical interpretation is that stones were heated in a fire and then dropped into a water-filled trough to bring it to the boil, the cracked and shattered stones accumulating beside the trough in a characteristic mound. The two deposits first identified here, one measuring 3.7 metres northeast to southwest and another stretching 2.8 metres to the southwest, showed exactly this signature: heat-shattered stone with heavy charcoal staining, and a dark-brown clayey silt carrying occasional burnt fragments. Archaeologist Dominic Delaney first located them in 2009 through geophysical survey during assessment for a proposed residential development, and recommended that they be preserved in place. By 2014, however, the site had been earmarked for the school instead, and excavation followed under licence. A second mound was found around 75 metres to the southwest during that same campaign. A third emerged in 2015, approximately 45 metres to the north, during the construction groundworks themselves. No artefacts were recovered from any of the features, which is not unusual for this monument type; the evidence is in the stones and the soil chemistry rather than in objects left behind.