Cave, Rathcastle, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Settlement Sites
In a level paddock north of Rathcastle House in County Westmeath, there is, or once was, something simply labelled "Cave" on the oldest Ordnance Survey maps.
That label alone raises more questions than it answers. The word suggests an underground feature, possibly a souterrain, which is a type of stone-lined underground passage often associated with early medieval ringforts and used for storage or refuge. What makes this particular spot quietly puzzling is how little trace it has left behind, and how thoroughly it seems to have vanished.
The 1837 six-inch Ordnance Survey map marks the feature clearly, placing it just to the west of a ringfort that still appears in the archaeological record. By the time the revised twenty-five-inch map was produced in 1913, the site was still visible enough to be depicted as a small rectangular area, roughly three metres by two and a half metres, tucked against the field boundary beside the same ringfort. That proximity is suggestive. Souterrains are commonly found in or immediately adjacent to ringforts, the circular earthen enclosures that dot the Irish countryside as remnants of early medieval farmsteads. But by 1965, when field inspectors examined the ground, no surface remains were visible. A second inspection a decade later confirmed the same absence. The cave, whatever its nature, had either been deliberately backfilled or had simply disappeared beneath decades of vegetation and soil movement.
