Cliff-edge fort, Garranacool, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Forts
At the lip of a river ravine in the upland grasslands of south Tipperary, an ancient earthwork uses the landscape itself as part of its defences.
Where the ground simply drops away into the cliff edge, no man-made barrier was needed. The builders only had to close off the landward side, and that is exactly what they did, leaving the ravine to do the rest of the work.
The fort sits on a south-west-facing slope, commanding wide views from south-west through west to north-west across the valley below. Its circular platform measures roughly 24 metres across, but the full monument, including its layered earthworks, extends to about 42 metres. What survives on the upslope, less naturally protected, side is a substantial earthen bank rising three to four metres above the base of the outer fosse, a fosse being the ditch dug in front of a bank to deepen the obstacle it presents. Inside that outer fosse runs a second, inner fosse, and between them the bank itself is nearly ten metres wide at its base. The inner fosse was waterlogged when the site was examined, and the outer fosse holds water from east to south, suggesting the wet ground is a more or less permanent feature rather than a seasonal one. No original entrance survives, though a cattle gap has been cut into the bank on the eastern side at some point. The bank profile, gradual on both faces and rising higher than the enclosed central platform, closely resembles that of Beal Boru in County Clare, one of the more studied early medieval earthwork enclosures in Ireland, which offers some comparative context for understanding what kind of monument this might be, even if its date and history remain unrecorded.
The site is heavily overgrown with dense vegetation, which made it difficult to measure accurately and makes any visit a challenging one. The monument is on wet, unimproved grassland, and the combination of thick plant cover, waterlogged ditches, and a cliff edge calls for careful footing. Much of the earthwork is easier to read from a slight distance than up close, where the scale of the bank only becomes apparent once you realise the enclosed platform is actually sitting lower than the top of the bank surrounding it.