Clochan, Eochaill, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Settlement Sites

Clochan, Eochaill, Co. Galway

What looks from a distance like a scatter of collapsed limestone rubble in a narrow Connemara valley is, on closer inspection, the remains of three conjoined circular stone buildings, the kind of clustered early dwelling known in Irish as a clochan.

A clochan is a small drystone structure, typically with a corbelled roof, where rings of stone are laid inward and upward until they meet at a rough apex, requiring no mortar and no timber. What makes this particular example quietly remarkable is not just its age but its layout: three buildings arranged together, their walls touching, with a paved area running between two of the smaller cells, suggesting a domesticity that reward careful attention.

Kinahan, writing in 1869, described the site as a group of three mounds that appeared to be the relics of a compound Cnocán, a small rounded hillock, which gives a sense of how thoroughly the original structures had already sunk back into the landscape by the Victorian period. It was not until 1955 that excavations by Goulden brought the plan into focus. The largest building, to the west, measured seven metres in diameter and had two doorways of different widths, a narrow one facing west and a broader one facing east. Immediately to its north and south sat two considerably smaller cells, just 2.4 and 1.8 metres across. Quern-stones, the paired grinding stones used to mill grain, were found near the eastern doorway and may have served as spud stones, threshold blocks to scrape footwear clean before entering. The roof of the western building was probably thatched, while the two smaller ones were likely corbelled in the traditional manner. Among the finds were quantities of shell, iron fragments, and pot sherds, ordinary domestic debris that speaks to people eating, working, and moving between these small rooms. The site is part of a wider townland grouping known as Baile na mBocht, and sits in a narrow valley with higher ground pressing in from both east and west.

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