Concentric enclosure, Croan, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Enclosures
In a field near Croan in County Kilkenny, a circular enclosure roughly 34 metres across has been quietly persisting in the landscape for long enough to appear on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1839, and again on the 1947 revision.
What makes it genuinely curious is not the enclosure itself but what satellite imagery has started to suggest lies around it: a possible outer fosse, or ditch, running concentrically at roughly 20 metres from the inner boundary. A concentric enclosure is one defined by two or more roughly parallel enclosing elements, and the arrangement here, where the outer feature is visible to the northeast and southwest but disappears from view between west, north, and northeast, gives the whole site an incomplete, partly legible quality that rewards careful attention.
The enclosure survives in two different forms depending on which part you are looking at. The eastern portion falls within a fallow rectangular field, and there the boundary reads as an upstanding bank, a low earthen wall still holding its shape above ground. The western and northern perimeter, by contrast, shows up as a cropmark of a fosse, meaning the buried ditch influences the growth of whatever is planted above it, leaving a trace visible only from the air or in satellite images. This difference between physical survival and cropmark evidence is common on Irish agricultural land, where centuries of ploughing have flattened earthworks unevenly, preserving one arc while erasing another. The site appeared in the same form in both the nineteenth-century mapping and the mid-twentieth-century revision, which suggests it has changed relatively little in the intervening period, at least in outline.