Corn Mill, Cullentragh, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Mills
A broken millstone lying in the undergrowth near Mannin Lough is about all that remains above ground of what was, within living memory of the early twentieth century, a functioning corn mill.
The stone itself is substantial, just over a metre and a quarter in diameter, with the characteristic central perforation through which the spindle once passed, and local knowledge suggests there are others nearby, either buried or swallowed by vegetation. The mill building itself has vanished entirely at ground level, leaving only a largely silted-up mill race and a single narrow stone slab that may once have served as a sluice.
When the antiquarian Knox visited and recorded the site in 1906 or 1907, the mill was still operating. He described it as a modest structure, around six metres long and three metres wide, straddling a small stream close to the north-eastern end of Mannin Lough. What made it particularly interesting to him was its motive power: a horizontal water-wheel, a technology that in Connacht went by the local name of a gig-mill. Unlike the more familiar vertical wheel, a horizontal wheel sits flat beneath the mill floor, driven by a jet of water through a tunnel or chute, turning the millstone directly above without the need for gearing. Knox noted that although the wheel he saw was relatively new, it followed the old principle, a design with roots going back centuries in the west of Ireland. The Ordnance Survey maps of 1838 and 1917 both show the mill as a rectangular building across the stream, with the earlier map marking a mill dam to the east and the later one recording a mill race with two sluices. A short distance to the north, a ruined rectangular stone building is said locally to have been the kiln where corn was dried before grinding, a standard feature of small Irish rural mills where damp grain needed preparation before it could be milled effectively.
The site sits in an overgrown area beside a farmyard, with forestry covering much of the land to the east and north-east. The mill race can still be traced on the ground, and the broken millstone lies in the open near its edge, though the rest of the complex is largely obscured by vegetation.