Country house, Rathgoggan Middle, Co. Cork

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Country house, Rathgoggan Middle, Co. Cork

One of the finest houses in seventeenth-century Ireland once stood on the north-eastern edge of what is now Charleville, and virtually nothing of it remains above ground.

No plan was ever published, no illustration survives, and the structure itself was burnt in 1690 and subsequently demolished, leaving later generations to piece together its scale and character from a handful of written descriptions and the ghost of a landscape.

The house was built by Roger Boyle, Lord Orrery and President of Munster, who laid the foundation stone on 29th May 1661. It took nearly two decades to complete, at a reported cost of around £20,000, and was considered among the greatest houses of its period in Ireland. One eighteenth-century account describes its noble garden and fine park; another suggests the house occupied one side of a walled courtyard large enough to be defended with sixteen guns. That combination of domestic grandeur and military practicality was not unusual in late seventeenth-century Ireland, where the boundary between a country house and a defensible compound was often deliberately blurred. The house was burnt in 1690, and what remained was pulled down.

What a visitor finds today is, in effect, an absence with edges. Near Moatville House, a roughly square field of about 120 metres a side is enclosed by an ivy-clad stone wall standing close to three metres high and nearly two-thirds of a metre thick. High enclosing walls of this kind, forming a courtyard around a central house, are characteristic of the period, and this field is thought to be the likely site of the building itself. A ruined opening in the north-eastern wall may once have been a gateway into the gardens, and it aligns with the remains of four fish ponds in the adjoining field. Earthen field boundaries visible on nineteenth-century maps once extended in parallel lines to the south-west as far as the main street of Charleville and to the north-east toward the Limerick border road; much of the north-eastern line survives as low field fences. Immediately to the south-east, a Golden Vale Co-operative industrial plant now occupies part of what was once the demesne.

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