Crannog, Doonis, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Settlement Sites
In the shallow water of Doonis Lough, a small lake sitting just 400 metres south of Lough Ree in Co. Westmeath, a low, roughly oval island of stones and timber sits barely half a metre above the waterline.
It does not look like much from a distance, now thickly colonised by young alder and rushes and ringed by reedbeds. But what erosion has exposed along its edges tells a more precise and quietly remarkable story than the scrubby vegetation suggests.
The site is a crannog, an artificial island constructed by driving timber platforms into the lake mud and piling stone on top, a type of dwelling used in Ireland from the Bronze Age through to the early modern period. This particular example, measuring roughly 17 metres by 11 metres, was built by laying a primary platform of alder, ash, and birch roundwood logs directly onto the organic lake sediment, then covering that with a second layer of radially arranged oak timbers, and finally heaping the cairn of angular fist-sized stones and limestone slabs on top of the whole structure. A vertical palisade of ash poles enclosed the perimeter, with additional posts driven into the mud two to three metres out from the island edge. One of those palisade poles, examined on the eastern side, preserves something extraordinary: the sharpened, chisel-pointed tip still carries the individual toolmarks left by the blade that shaped it. The marks are small, slightly concave, and cleanly made, consistent with a small bronze axe of possibly Middle or Late Bronze Age type. Burnt and unburnt bone fragments, apparently mostly bird, are visible in the eroded sections of the cairn on the west and east sides, and a charred, carved piece of what may be a wooden bucket or tub fragment has been found in the water on the eastern shore. The lake level has also shifted considerably since the crannog was built; originally it stood roughly 50 metres from the shoreline, whereas today it lies only about 20 metres from the present eastern bank.