Cross - High cross, Eoghanacht, Co. Galway
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Crosses & Monuments
On the Aran island of Inis Mór, within a grave-plot bearing the Irish name Leaba an Spioraid Naoimh, meaning the Bed of the Holy Spirit, there stands the broken remnant of what was once a substantial carved stone cross.
Known as the West Cross, it survives now as a shaft and four loose fragments of its head, yet even in this fractured state it retains enough detail to suggest something of what was lost. The serpents carved onto the shaft are among the more arresting details: paired, sinuous, and entirely deliberate, they appear on a monument whose primary imagery is a crucifixion scene on the western face, surrounded by knotwork and fret patterns of the kind associated with early medieval Irish stonework.
The cross stands at the south-western corner of the grave-plot, which lies immediately to the west of Teampall Bhreacáin, a church on Eoghanacht townland that formed part of the dense cluster of early Christian monuments for which Inis Mór is known. When the shaft and head fragments are considered together, they indicate an original ringed and cusped high cross of around 2.15 metres in height. A high cross of this type typically features a characteristic ring joining the arms, with cusps filling the spaces between arm and ring; the form became widespread in Ireland from roughly the eighth century onwards. The shaft alone still stands to more than 1.5 metres, at 0.45 metres wide and 0.15 metres thick, a solid presence despite its incompleteness. The site was noted by Crawford in 1907 and examined again by Waddell in 1973, confirming both the survival of the fragments and the decorative programme.
The grave-plot and its surroundings at Eoghanacht are accessible on foot, and the head fragments are laid out beside the standing shaft rather than removed to any collection, so the relationship between the pieces can still be read on the ground. The crucifixion scene faces west, which is worth bearing in mind when approaching the cross, since the carved surface is most legible in the softer light of afternoon.