Cross-inscribed stone, Ráithín Uí Bhuaigh, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Crosses & Monuments
Among the gravestones at Ráithín Uí Bhuaigh, a small graveyard perched on elevated ground above Dingle Harbour in County Kerry, a handful of early carved stones carry a motif that sets them quietly apart.
Several bear what is known as the Tau cross, a T-shaped form rather than the more familiar Latin or Greek cross. One stone is shaped entirely in this form, while three others, including the one designated no. 167, feature the Tau motif within their inscribed designs, two of them deeply scored and finished with T-bars at every terminal. It is an unusual concentration, and one that went largely unnoticed until a systematic survey in 2010.
Laurence Dunne's graveyard survey that year brought to light sixteen previously unrecorded cross-slabs at Ráithín Uí Bhuaigh, clustered around the centre of the graveyard within the boundaries of what appears to be an early enclosure, or raheen, a roughly circular enclosed burial ground of the kind associated with early medieval Irish ecclesiastical sites. In total, the survey recorded at least thirty archaeological artefacts at the site, mostly cross-slabs. The graveyard's character had been substantially altered long before this work took place. In 1870, Lord Ventry reshaped the grounds considerably, planting trees, constructing squared-off enclosing banks, laying a new roadway, and adding a family mausoleum. The second edition Ordnance Survey map of 1896 records all of this, and also preserves, in the form of curving hachure marks, the outline of the earlier, rounder enclosure that predated his interventions. The Tau-form stones at Ráithín Uí Bhuaigh are not unique to this spot; comparable examples have been recorded at Kilmalkedar and Kildrum, both graveyards situated west of Dingle, suggesting a localised early Christian tradition of stone carving along this stretch of the Dingle Peninsula.