Cross - Tau cross, Ráithín Uí Bhuaigh, Co. Kerry

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Crosses & Monuments

Cross – Tau cross, Ráithín Uí Bhuaigh, Co. Kerry

Among the cross-slabs at Ráithín Uí Bhuaigh graveyard, above Dingle Harbour in County Kerry, one stone stands apart from its neighbours in a peculiar way.

Where fifteen others carry inscribed crosses in the conventional sense, the sixteenth is shaped into a Tau form, the T-shaped cross whose horizontal bar sits at the very top with no upright above it. The Tau cross, associated in Christian tradition with the staff of Saint Anthony and with Old Testament prefigurations of salvation, is rare in Irish early medieval stonework, which makes its presence here, and in three further stones bearing the same motif, quietly arresting.

The graveyard sits on elevated ground at around fifty metres above sea level, sloping northward towards Dingle Harbour less than a kilometre away. A survey carried out by Laurence Dunne in 2010 brought the site into sharper focus. Dunne recorded sixteen previously unrecorded cross-slabs, all disposed around the centre of the graveyard within the limits of an older enclosure, a raheen, meaning a small ring-shaped enclosure of the kind typically associated with early ecclesiastical foundations in Ireland. The second edition Ordnance Survey map of 1896 makes clear how substantially the landscape around the burial ground had been reordered by Lord Ventry in 1870, when trees were planted, squared-off enclosing banks and a new roadway were constructed, and a family mausoleum was added. Despite those Victorian interventions, traces of the earlier curving enclosure remained legible in the ground. Dunne's survey identified at least thirty archaeological artefacts in total at the site, the Tau-shaped stone being the most singular among them. Comparable examples of the Tau form have been noted at Kilmalkedar and Kildrum graveyards, both lying west of Dingle, suggesting the motif had some currency among the early Christian communities of the Dingle Peninsula.

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