Designed landscape feature, Tobercormick, Co. Westmeath

Co. Westmeath |

Designed Landscapes

Designed landscape feature, Tobercormick, Co. Westmeath

On a small knoll on the steep northern shoulder of a hill in County Westmeath, a set of earthworks sits quietly in pasture, easy to overlook and not obviously ancient.

That ambiguity is part of what makes it interesting. The enclosures here, roughly square and circular in form, look at first glance like the kind of feature an archaeologist might flag as a ringfort or enclosure of early medieval origin. But the evidence points in a different direction entirely.

The 1837 Ordnance Survey six-inch map shows nothing at this location, which more or less rules out any genuinely ancient monument. By the revised 1913 edition of the twenty-five-inch map, however, a square tree-plantation had appeared. When the site was examined in 1983, what remained was a roughly square area measuring about 34 metres east to west and 33 metres north to south, enclosed by an earth and stone bank approximately one metre high, with one corner later rebuilt as a stone-faced wall. A linear bank, some 22 metres long, connects this square enclosure to a circular tree ring to the north-east, forming what appears to have been a short formal avenue between the two planted areas. Several other circular enclosures survive to the south and south-east, and these too are likely the remains of tree rings of a similar date. The whole arrangement is thought to belong to the designed landscape of Hallstown House, which lies about 710 metres to the south-south-east. Designed landscapes of this kind, common on Irish estates from the eighteenth century onward, used plantations, avenues, and ornamental earthworks to organise the countryside around a country house into something that read as scenery, as much as it functioned as farmland or woodland. What survives at Tobercormick is the bones of that ambition, stripped of its trees and gradually returning to grass.

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