Designed landscape - tree-ring, Carrowmacrory, Co. Sligo

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Designed Landscapes

Designed landscape – tree-ring, Carrowmacrory, Co. Sligo

For decades, a small earthen ring in a field in Carrowmacrory, County Sligo, was recorded in official registers as a barrow, the kind of ancient burial mound that dots the Irish countryside in their thousands.

It is not. What it actually represents is something considerably more modest in origin, and rather more interesting for that modesty: a tree-ring, a low circular earthwork built not in prehistory but as a deliberate feature of a designed landscape, almost certainly sometime after 1700.

A tree-ring, as the name suggests, is a planted arrangement of trees set within or around a low earthen bank, used in post-medieval estate landscaping to create ornamental groupings or shelter belts with a degree of formal structure. This particular example sits in a field immediately to the north of a large house shown on the 1837 Ordnance Survey map under the name Sea View, reached by a laneway from the main road. The 1837 map shows trees in the field but no circular earthworks; by the 1913 edition of the OS six-inch map, five small circular features appear. The most likely explanation is that the rings were either constructed or had become distinct enough to be mapped in the intervening decades. The surviving example is a gently raised oval, measuring eight metres north to south and seven and a half metres east to west, enclosed by the faint remains of an earthen bank roughly 1.8 metres wide, rising barely 0.1 metres on the interior and 0.3 metres on the exterior, with traces of a shallow outer ditch still legible in the ground.

What gives the site its quiet strangeness is the paper trail of misidentification. Because it looked, in plan, like a circular earthwork, it was classified as a barrow when it entered the Record of Monuments and Places in 1995, borrowing the authority of prehistoric association it almost certainly does not deserve. It belongs instead to the world of Georgian or post-Georgian estate improvement, the kind of careful, self-conscious shaping of a demesne landscape that was common among the landowning classes of eighteenth and nineteenth century Ireland, and which tends to leave only the subtlest marks on the ground.

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