Earthwork, Keeloges (Coshlea By.), Co. Limerick

Co. Limerick |

Ritual/Ceremonial

Earthwork, Keeloges (Coshlea By.), Co. Limerick

A circular earthwork roughly sixty metres across lies in reclaimed pasture in the townland of Keeloges, in County Limerick's Coshlea barony, and the only reason anyone knows it exists is that a gas pipeline flew over it.

The site does not appear on any Ordnance Survey historic maps, which means it passed entirely unrecorded through the centuries of cartographic surveying that catalogued so much of Ireland's archaeological landscape. It belongs, in a sense, to a shadow archive of places that the ground has swallowed and that conventional fieldwork never caught.

The earthwork came to light on the 3rd of November 1984, when aerial photographs were taken at a scale of 1:5000 as part of the Bórd Gáis Éireann survey for the Curraleigh West to Limerick gas pipeline. Examining those images, researchers identified what appeared to be a circular enclosure, the kind of roughly ring-shaped earthwork, often a former ringfort or enclosed settlement, that is among the most common monument types in the Irish countryside. Subsequent satellite imagery confirmed the outline. On Digital Globe orthoimages taken between 2011 and 2013, the feature is visible as a levelled cropmark, meaning the buried structure influences plant growth above it in ways detectable from altitude, even when nothing rises above the soil surface. By November 2018, Google Earth imagery showed the cropmark had been further disturbed, truncated to the north and south by a drainage ditch running on a north-south axis and cut again at the south-east by a ditch running east to west. A faint trace of the circular outline was still discernible on imagery from June 2021. A second enclosure, separately recorded, lies approximately a hundred metres to the south.

There is nothing to see at ground level, which is rather the point. The site sits in working agricultural land just south of the townland boundary with Ardharin, and access would require landowner permission. For anyone with an interest in how Ireland's archaeological record is being built and revised, the more instructive approach is through the aerial and satellite images compiled by Martin Fitzpatrick and uploaded to the national record in October 2021. Cropmarks like this one are most legible in dry summer conditions, when moisture stress reveals buried features through differential browning in the grass or grain above them, though the November 1984 photographs that first caught this site show that the right angle of light and the right film stock can do equivalent work at other times of year.

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