Ecclesiastical enclosure, Addergoole More, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ecclesiastical Sites
On a north-facing slope above the Sinking River in County Galway, a circular enclosure roughly 143 metres in diameter curves quietly around an old church and its burial ground, most of it now indistinguishable from the ordinary field banks that surround it.
That near-invisibility is part of what makes it interesting. Ecclesiastical enclosures of this kind, roughly circular boundaries that demarcated sacred or monastic ground in early medieval Ireland, were once a common feature of the Irish landscape, but the majority have been absorbed into later agricultural patterns and are identifiable only to a careful eye, or through the record of earlier maps.
By the time the third edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map was produced in 1932, enough of the outer boundary survived to be recorded as a markedly curving field boundary to the north-west of the church. A section of that boundary still stands as an earth and stone bank, about two metres wide and up to 1.3 metres high, though it blends readily into the surrounding landscape. The rest of the outer circuit can be followed as a faint curving scarp running from the south-east around through the south to the south-south-west. A pond sits just outside the enclosure to the west. Inside, a modern east-west field wall cuts the space in two, with the church positioned centrally within the original enclosure. The church itself appears to have had its own inner enclosure, approximately 41 metres east to west, traces of which survive as a slightly raised platform with a curving scarp. At the south-east, a short stretch of stone walling remains, large limestone flags used to revet a rubble core, a detail that hints at some deliberate construction effort within what is otherwise a site of considerable erosion. Immediately to the south of the church lies a cillin, or children's burial ground, a type of informal cemetery traditionally used for unbaptised infants and others excluded from consecrated ground.