Ecclesiastical enclosure, Ballybaun, Co. Galway

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Ecclesiastical Sites

Ecclesiastical enclosure, Ballybaun, Co. Galway

Badgers have done more excavating at Ballybaun than any archaeologist.

In the eastern segment of this early ecclesiastical enclosure in County Galway, a low raised platform is thought to mark a small burial ground, and the animals have been busy enough there to bring human bones to the surface. It is an unsettling detail, and a reminder that what looks from a distance like an unremarkable scattering of overgrown banks in improved pastureland can turn out to be something considerably older and stranger.

The enclosure is roughly circular, about 63 metres across, and defined by a low bank of earth and stone, now worn down to around 40 centimetres in height and not much more than 2.7 metres wide. These dimensions suggest considerable age; early medieval ecclesiastical enclosures in Ireland were typically laid out as roughly circular or oval boundaries demarcating sacred ground around a church or oratory, often with internal divisions for different uses such as burial, cultivation, or housing. Here, two radial banks crossing the interior divide it into four unequal segments, a feature that reinforces the ecclesiastical reading. The northern entrance is still clearly legible as a gap flanked by two large boulders, one of which has toppled. Field walls, running north to south on the west side and east to west on the south, have cut into the enclosure over the centuries, clipping its original outline. A house site recorded about 12 metres to the east may have some connection to the monument, though the nature of that relationship is uncertain. The monument was noted by O'Doherty in 1984 and discussed by Professor Etienne Rynne, the Galway-based archaeologist, in December 1983.

The site today is densely overgrown with thorn bushes, which makes close inspection difficult and obscures the interior divisions from any casual approach. The low banks are easy to miss among the rock outcrop and pasture, and the monument carries none of the visual drama of better-preserved examples. What remains is subtle, half-consumed by fieldwork and vegetation, and animated mainly by the knowledge of what lies just beneath the surface of that eastern platform.

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