Ecclesiastical enclosure, Carrig Island, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Ecclesiastical Sites
On Carrig Island in County Kerry, there is a monastic enclosure so large and so thoroughly absorbed into the working landscape that it does not appear on Ordnance Survey maps at all.
The site only became clearly legible in 1987, when aerial photographs revealed its true scale: a roughly oval double-banked enclosure stretching some 330 metres north to south and 260 metres east to west across low-lying pastureland. A bivallate enclosure of this type, meaning one defined by two concentric earthen banks rather than one, is a form associated with early medieval ecclesiastical settlements of some importance in Ireland, where the inner boundary marked sacred space and the outer defined a wider zone of activity and protection. Here, both banks have been so thoroughly worked over by centuries of agriculture that they barely register in the ground. The outer bank survives only in fragments, rising to around half a metre. The inner is better preserved in places, but to the north-east and east it has been ploughed out entirely.
Within the enclosure, the traces of an early religious community are still just visible if you know what to look for. The foundations of house-sites and other structures survive across the interior, though a later fieldbank cutting an inverted V-shape through the centre has damaged several of them, and the southern portion has been so continuously ploughed that nothing remains above ground there. A bohareen, the Irish term for a narrow country lane, cuts through the northern sector of the enclosure, running north-west to south-east, bisecting what would once have been a coherent religious precinct. Between the inner and outer banks to the north-west, faint ridge lines suggest earlier cultivation. Alongside these older remains sits a fifteenth-century friary, a relatively late addition to a site with much deeper ecclesiastical roots, accompanied by a holy well traditionally associated with the friars. The combination of early enclosure, medieval friary, and holy well points to a site that remained in active religious use across a very long span of time, even as its physical fabric was steadily dismantled and redistributed into field walls and farm tracks.