Ecclesiastical enclosure, Glebe, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ecclesiastical Sites
A graveyard boundary wall does not usually prompt much archaeological speculation, but in Glebe, Co. Westmeath, the shape of one such wall has drawn quiet attention.
The enclosure follows a quadrantal, or roughly circular, form, and it is precisely this curving outline that suggests something older may lie beneath the surface of what appears to be an ordinary rural burial ground.
Circular or sub-circular enclosures of this kind are among the tell-tale signatures of Early Christian ecclesiastical sites in Ireland. When a religious community established itself in the early medieval period, typically between the fifth and twelfth centuries, it would often demarcate its sacred ground with a roughly circular boundary, known as a cashel if built in stone or a rath-like earthwork if raised in earth and timber. Over the centuries, as those original communities faded, later generations frequently continued to use the same ground for burial, and the curved line of the ancient boundary persisted in field walls, ditches, or later masonry, sometimes long after any memory of the original enclosure had disappeared. The Glebe site fits this pattern, with researcher Swan noting as far back as 1988 that the quadrantal form of the graveyard wall points toward just such an Early Christian origin.