Ecclesiastical enclosure, Leataoibh Mór, Co. Kerry

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Ecclesiastical Sites

Ecclesiastical enclosure, Leataoibh Mór, Co. Kerry

On a gently sloping hillside above Smerwick Harbour on the Dingle Peninsula, a sub-rectangular enclosure known as Templenacloonagh, or Teampall na Cluanach, holds within its boundaries a small but unusually dense accumulation of early Christian remains: an oratory, a larger rectangular building that may have served as a church, the traces of two conjoined hut sites, two stone mounds incorporating quantities of quartz, and three carved pillar stones.

What gives the site its particular character is not any single feature but the way these elements layer over one another, with field walls cutting across the enclosure, graves from a much later period scattered through the interior, and building stones reused so many times that a window sill in the oratory turns out to have been carved from a door pivot stone.

The site takes its name partly from the larger rectangular building in the NE corner of the enclosure, which appears as "Templenacloonagh" on the 25-inch Ordnance Survey map. The oratory, in the SE corner, is a small drystone structure measuring roughly 4.55 by 3.35 metres internally; it would originally have had a corbelled roof, the type built from overlapping courses of stone without mortar, though that has long since gone. The west doorway retains only the lower sections of its inclining jambs, and only the splayed inner sill of the east window survives. The two leachts, low cairn-like mounds used in early Irish religious practice as focal points for prayer or commemoration, stand parallel to one another in the southern half of the enclosure. At the western edge of the nearer mound, two upright pillar stones carry incised crosses of considerable intricacy: one bears a triple-barred cross with bifurcated terminals and an outline lozenge at the crossing, while the other is inscribed on both faces, one side carrying a Latin cross, the other a vertical sequence of four crosses with varied terminals including a scrolled base and a pendant circle enclosing an equal-armed cross. A third cross-inscribed stone, a smaller oblong boulder with a roughly equal-armed cross and T-bar terminals, lies loose against the wall of the larger building. Into the 19th century, the enclosure was still being used as a calluragh, a burial ground reserved for unbaptised children and others excluded from consecrated ground, and the small graves marked by thin slabs set on edge or by box-like kerbs of stone are the visible traces of that continued use.

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