Embanked enclosure, Rathumney, Co. Wexford
Co. Wexford |
Ringforts
On top of a broad hill at Rathumney in County Wexford, there is an ancient circular enclosure that you could walk across without ever knowing it was there.
It leaves no trace at ground level, no earthwork you might stub your boot on, no visible bank or ditch. The only way to read it clearly is from the air, where the soil betrays the past through what archaeologists call cropmarks, the subtle differences in how vegetation grows over buried features, revealing the outline of ditches and banks that were filled in or levelled long ago.
The Ordnance Survey's six-inch map of 1839 recorded this as a bivallate circular embanked enclosure, meaning it had two concentric banks and ditches, with an external diameter of around 70 metres. An aerial photograph taken later told a more complicated story. The cropmarks show an incomplete circular enclosure with an internal diameter of roughly 35 metres, defined by a fosse (a ditch, typically associated with early medieval defended sites) and a narrower outer fosse extending the monument to about 50 metres at its widest. A curvilinear annexe, a subsidiary enclosure curving off from the main structure, extends from the outer fosse along the northern perimeter. The southern edge of the enclosure has been cut by an east-west field boundary, which means agricultural activity at some point sliced straight through the monument. In the adjacent field to the south sits another large curvilinear enclosure, and the two are considered likely parts of the same original complex, a multi-part site whose full extent only becomes apparent when the two fields are considered together.