Enclosure, Acres, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Enclosures
In the townland of Acres, County Galway, there is a feature on the archaeological record classified simply as an enclosure.
That word carries considerable weight in Irish archaeology. Enclosures can mean almost anything: a ringfort defined by an earthen bank and ditch, a monastic cashel built from dry-stone walling, a cattle pound, a prehistoric settlement boundary. The classification alone tells us that someone, at some point, surveyed this ground and judged that something deliberate had been made here, that the land had been shaped by human intention rather than by geology or accident.
Beyond the bare fact of its existence and its location in Acres, the available detail on this particular site is thin. What can be said is that Galway's landscape is unusually dense with such monuments. The county's western reaches were settled continuously from the Neolithic onward, and enclosures of various periods, from the Bronze Age through the early medieval, dot its fields and hillsides in considerable numbers. Many survive only as low, grass-covered banks, legible from the air or in raking winter light but easy to walk past at ground level without a second glance. The name Acres itself is an anglicisation of an Irish townland name, a small administrative unit of land whose boundaries sometimes preserve the memory of older divisions that predate the Norman surveys by centuries.