Enclosure, Artiteige, Co. Cork

Co. Cork |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Artiteige, Co. Cork

On a ridge in Artiteige, a large circular earthwork sits in open pasture, enclosing a smaller circle within itself, one contained inside the other like two concentric rings pressed into the landscape.

That arrangement, an enclosure within an enclosure, is unusual enough to prompt questions. Most ringforts, the enclosed farmsteads built across Ireland roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries, are single-ringed affairs. A concentric layout suggests something more deliberate, perhaps a higher-status site, or a place with a more complex history of use.

The outer enclosure measures roughly sixty metres across in both directions, making it a substantial structure. Its earthen bank still stands to an internal height of around 1.65 metres, and the original fosse, the outer ditch that would have accompanied the bank, has since been filled in. Two modern gaps have been cut through the bank, one to the south and one to the north-north-east, each about six metres wide, and a farm laneway now passes through the eastern side. The inner enclosure, around thirty metres in diameter, appears on both editions of the Ordnance Survey six-inch maps, indicating it was already visible and recognisable to nineteenth-century surveyors. Today it is planted with conifers and cannot be entered.

The tree-filled inner ring is the more tantalising element of the site. Planting within old enclosures is not uncommon in the Irish countryside, sometimes done deliberately to mark or shelter a feature, sometimes simply because the raised or uneven ground was unsuitable for tillage. Here it has the effect of making the inner structure the most prominent visible feature from any distance while simultaneously rendering it completely inaccessible. The earthen bank of the outer enclosure, meanwhile, remains largely intact around most of its circuit, and the overall form of the double enclosure is still legible from the surrounding ridge.

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