Enclosure, Ballaghmoon, Co. Kildare

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballaghmoon, Co. Kildare

Somewhere in a tillage field on a gentle south-westerly slope near Ballaghmoon, there is a medieval enclosure that no longer exists above ground, and yet it keeps reappearing. It shows up on the 1837 Ordnance Survey six-inch map as a rectangular bank with an external fosse, the water-filled or earthen ditch that would have ringed a moated site. It shows up again in aerial photographs as a cropmark, the faint but readable difference in how crops grow over buried soil and stone that allows archaeologists to see what the plough has long since erased. The enclosure measured roughly fifty metres on its north-south axis, and the broad fosse surrounding it is clearly visible in the aerial record even now. Nothing breaks the surface.

The site was levelled around 1890, and the ground gave up something unexpected in the process. Workers uncovered what was described at the time as an unflagged chamber full of black barley and ashes, the contents filling twenty-seven cartloads. The find was reported in the Journal of the County Kildare Archaeological Society in 1896, and the chamber is now thought to have been a corn-drying kiln, a stone-lined or pit-cut structure used in medieval and early modern Ireland to dry harvested grain before milling or storage. Their presence on moated sites is not unusual; moated enclosures, typically rectangular and defined by wide ditches, were a feature of Anglo-Norman rural settlement from the thirteenth century onward, often associated with manorial farming. The combination of the enclosure's shape, its fosse, and the agricultural infrastructure found within it all point in that direction, though the identification remains probable rather than certain.

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