Enclosure, Ballincurra, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Enclosures
In a waterlogged field in County Limerick, cut through by land drains and liable to flooding, a structure that once stood on the earth has been entirely absorbed back into it.
There is nothing to see at ground level. What survives is a cropmark, one of those ghostly outlines that appear in aerial photographs when buried or levelled archaeology causes the vegetation above it to grow at a slightly different rate to its surroundings. The enclosure at Ballincurra exists, in practical terms, only from the air.
The monument was first identified during the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986, when it registered as a faint, roughly rectangular cropmark in the survey record Bruff 237. It sits in improved wet pasture, about 20 metres west of the townland boundary with Ballinlough and roughly 105 metres south-east of the Ballynamona River. The enclosure itself is subrectangular in shape, measuring approximately 13 metres on its north-west to south-east axis and 12 metres on its north-east to south-west axis, making it a relatively modest structure. It does not appear on any Ordnance Survey Ireland historic maps, which suggests it was already levelled before cartographic survey began in earnest in the nineteenth century. The cropmark has since been confirmed in multiple aerial sources, including an OSi orthoimage taken between 2005 and 2012, a Digital Globe image from 2011 to 2013, and a Google Earth image captured on 20 September 2020. A ring-barrow, a low circular earthwork typically associated with prehistoric funerary practice, lies about 140 metres to the north-east, hinting that this wet corner of Limerick had a longer and more layered period of use than its current agricultural character would suggest.
There is no practical way to visit the enclosure as a monument in any conventional sense. The land is working wet pasture, prone to flooding, and the feature itself is invisible at ground level. Its interest lies almost entirely in what aerial survey has been able to recover. The most useful way to engage with it is through the aerial images compiled as part of the record, particularly the Bruff survey image and the ASI aerial photograph taken on 5 January 2003. For anyone curious about how archaeological sites are identified and documented in Ireland, this example, compiled by Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly and uploaded to the record in November 2020, is a good illustration of how much survives only in the landscape's faint memory of itself.