Enclosure, Ballybrannagh, Co. Kerry

Co. Kerry |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballybrannagh, Co. Kerry

On a limestone reef rising out of slightly marshy grazing land in County Kerry, two ancient enclosures sit pressed together in an arrangement that is quietly unusual.

One wraps around the other, a sub-circular enclosure joining its neighbour on the eastern and southern sides and borrowing the circular enclosure's western bank as its own boundary. The result is a conjoined complex stretching 48 metres east to west and 37 metres north to south, its low earthen banks averaging around five metres wide, with an internal height of roughly 0.40 metres. It is not a dramatic landscape feature; the banks are modest, and the surrounding field is given over to rough pasture. But the elevated limestone position commands views in every direction, with the Paps mountains visible to the east, two breast-shaped hills in the Cork and Kerry uplands that have been associated with the goddess Ánu since early medieval times.

The enclosures form part of a denser archaeological complex in this part of the Lee Valley. About 150 metres to the north stood Rathanny, a bi-vallate ringfort, meaning a ringfort defended by two concentric earthen banks rather than one. Ringforts were the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically housing a single farming family and their livestock. Rathanny's double-banked form would have made it a more substantial example than most. Sadly, it has been almost completely levelled through field clearance, leaving the conjoined enclosures at Ballybrannagh as the more physically present survivors of what was once a busier corner of the landscape. The site was recorded by Michael Connolly during a survey of the Lee Valley area carried out between 1996 and 1997.

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